Airplane



mem@ Jun@ 7, 192i..

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n. M. MILLS. AIRPLANE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.21| 19|9. K

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AIRPLANE. APPLICATION FILED IvIAR.2I, I9I9.

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Patented June 7, 1921.

HIS ATT/VEY.

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` To all whom 'it may concern.'

DAYTON M. MILLS,` OF ARMADA, MICHIGAN.

AIRPLANE.

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Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented June 7, 192i.

Application ledMrarch 21, 1919. Serial No. 284,197. v

Be it known that I, DAYTON M. MILLS, citizen of the United States, residing at Ar-j mada, county of Macomb, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Airplanes, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, lreference being had to the accompanying drawings, which vform a part of this specification.

My invention relates to airplanes and has for its object to provide an airplane of an improved construction and inl this construction a special provision is made for controlling the direction of flight and for retarding the velocity of the plane when it is about to come to'land. .y

I secure this object in the device illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a plan view of an airplane embodying my invention, a art of the upper supporting plane being roken away.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, the body being broken away in part.

Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation partly in section on the line lll- 111 Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is a part plan view, to an enlarged scale, showing a portion of the flight-directing aerofoil and adjacent parts of the frame.

Fig. 5 is a detail section on the line V-V Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a detail plan view of a portion of the steering mechanism.

Fig. 7 (Sheet l) is a side elevation partly in section showing the pivoted planes and their operating mechanism.

a is the body of an airplane and b is the actuator therefor; e indicates the upper sustaining plane or planes and g g5 indicate the lower sustaining planes.v 4These latter are pivoted on horizontal axes extending in a direction transverse to the axis of the plane and are arranged in pairs on each side of the body of the plane.

c7 is a portion of the flight-controlled aerofoil adapted to be oscilla-ted about an axis coincident or parallel with that of the plane body. d3 is an extension of the surfaces Z Z there being a pivot d* betweenthe portions Z and cl3 which permits the latter to turn about a transverse vaxis at d4 to serve as an elevator for the plane. e e2 are controlling cables secured to an arm or arms toward the rear edge of the surface d3, said arms extending in opposite directions from saidsurface at right angles thereto.

fis a lever adapted to be oscillated about a pivot f2 by the hand of the aviator. This lever has arms extending: in opposite directions from its pivotal point f2. The cable e2 1s secured atone end to an arm at the outer edge of and above the portion d3 of the aerofoil d d3 and at its other end to the lever arm 7 above the pivot f2. The cable e is similarly secured below the pivots f2 and 074.

7L1 is a conical gear wheel bearing upon the frame of the airplane with its axis hori- Zontal and approximately parallel to the axis of the body. 7L is a conical gear wheel resting in vertical bearings on the frame of the airplane, its teeth engaging with the teeth of the gear Wheel 71,10. 7L12 is a foot lever by which the gear Wheel 7L11 rmay be oscillated to oscillate the gear Wheel hw. 7L 71,2 are steel rods extending parallel to each other upon opposite sides of the axis ofthe wheel 7L and parallel to said axis. The .forward ends of the rods 7L 71,2 are rigidly secured to the web of the gear wheel 71,10 and extend through rotatable trunnions va5 c5 which rest in bearings on the frame a2 a2 of the airplane. 713 7b4 are rods secured at one end to the rod 71, extending outward at right angles thereto and having a part of lthe aerofoil d rigidly secured thereto. 71,T and 71,8 are rods similar and similarly located to 7b3 and 7L* but upon the opposite side of the frame a2 and having the corresponding portion of the aerofoil d rigidly secured thereto.

f3 is a double armed lever extending fore and aft from the pivot f2 of the lever f.

Y g3 is a connecting rod pivoted at one end to the forward edge of the plane g and at its other end to the rear end of the arm f3. g is a similar connecting rod pivoted at one end to the forwardly extending portion of the lever arm f3 and at its other and upv lating the lever y the elevator Z3 may be oscillated about its axis Z4 `to control the vertical direction of the airplane.

When the airplane is approaching the earth and is about to land, the planes g g5 may. be turned. abouttheir axes g2 g to tend to elevate the plane and at the saine time to interpose an obstacle to the forward motion of the plane.

ll' Claim-e v "l, An aero foil, two parallel pivoted rods adjacent and parallel to the axis of said aero foil and resting in bearings so that each shall be capable of oscillating'about its axis, each of .said rods beingV provided with a rigid, laterally-extending arm extending in a direction away from the other of said rods and secured to said aero foil, and ineans for simultaneously rotating said rods in the saine direction.

2. An aero foil, two parallel pivoted rods adjacent and parallel to the axis of said aero Vfoil and resting in bearings so that each shall be capable of oscillating about its axis, each ofl said' rods being provided with a rigid, laterally-extending arm extendingin a direction away from the other of said rods and secured to said .aero foil, and a part rotatable about an axis'in a plane .through the axes of said rods and between said axes, .said rods-being rigidly attached 4to said part on opposite sides of 4its center.

8. ln .an air plane, a pivoted lever having an .arm extending .forwardly from its axis and anarrn extending rearwardly from its axis, apivoted vplane located in front and rear of its axis to the first-mentioned arm and a connecting rod extending from the seeond plane in iront of its axis to the rearwardly extending arm of said lever.

1l. ln an air plane, a pivot-ed lever having an arm extending :forwardly from its axis and an arn'rextending rearwardly from its axis, a pivoted plane located in iront and above said lever, a second plane located in the rear of and `below said lever, a connecting rod extending from the first'plane at the rear of its axis te the first-mentioned arm and a connecting rod extending from the second plane in front oi' its axis to the rearwardly extending arni vof said lever, vand means for securing said lever arin at different angular positions. l

ln an airplane, a pivoted lever .having an arm extending forwardly from its axis and van arin extending rearwardly from its axis, apivoted'pliuie located in front and above said lever, a second plane located in the rear of and below said lever, .a `connecting rod extending from the first plane at the rear of its axis tothe first-mentioned arm and a connecting rod extending lfrom the second plane i-n front of itsaxis 'to the rearwardly extending arin of said lever, and an elevator secured to said lever so .as vto be operated thereby.

ln testimony whereof, l sign vthis speci* ication. A

DAYTGN ll/LMILLS. 

